Filed under: by: Michael Roberts

The History of Mercedes- Benz

Gottlieb Daimler and Carl Benz were born only 60 miles apart in southern Germany. Daimler was born March 17, 1834. A decade later, on November 25, Carl Benz was born.
Although they grew up with little in common, both boys were fascinated by machines from an early age. Because their approach to building cars was quite different, it is doubtful, though, that they met or even knew what the other was doing.
In 1886, Carl Benz built a motorized tricycle. His first four-wheeler, the Victoria, was built in 1893. The first production car was the 1894 Benz Velo which participated in the first recorded car race, the Paris-Rouen race. In 1895, Benz built his first truck.
In 1886, Gottlieb Daimler literally built a horseless carriage. In 1888 Daimler made a business deal with William Steinway (of piano fame) to produce Daimler's products in the US. From 1904 until a fire in 1907, Steinway produced Mercedes passenger cars, Daimler's light trucks, and his engines on Long Island.
Ironically, history says Daimler, generally considered to be the father of modern automobiles never liked to drive, if, indeed he ever learned to drive. On March 6, 1990, Daimler died, leaving control of his company to his chief engineer Wilhelm Mayback.
By November 22 of that year, Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschat had produced a special car for Emil Jellinek. Jellinek named the car after his ten-year-old daughter Mercedes. Lighter and smaller, the new Mercedes had 35 hp and a top speed of 55 mph!
The 1903 Parsifil was Benz's answer to Mercedes. A two cylinder vertical engine produced a top speed of 37 mph in this car.
Aware of the promotional potential of racing, both Daimler and Benz entered many of them. However, up until 1908, Daimler had overshadowed Benz in racing endeavors. At the 1908 French Grand Prix, Benz took second and third place behind Lautenschlager driving a Mercedes. From that point on, both Benz and Daimler did well in racing.
At the beginning of the first world war, both factories were converted into production sites for war materials, although both resumed producing cars after the war.
Mercedes-Benz from WWTs End to the Mercedes-Benz Merger.
Social unrest and a falling economy characterized post-war Germany. Little or no fuel for cars and a 15% luxury tax made automobile production increasingly disastrous. This market sent Benz and Cie. seeking a strong partner. The only one the board considered worthyof Benz and Cie was DMG.
Thus, in 1919, Karl Jahn, a Benz board member since 1910, approached Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschat about a possible merger. The merger attempt looked promising, then was abandoned in December of 1919.
The German economy continued to worse and a new Benz automobile eventually cost 25 million marks.
Although nearly 15 million cars were registered in the world in 1923, over 80% of them were registered in the US and over 1/2 were Fords. Benz and Cie. built 1,382 cars in 1923 while DMG only built 1,020. German auto makers were at a low point although racing success for the companies continued.
In 1924, from sheer economic necessity, Benz and DMG signed an "Agreement of Mutual Interest." Although both companies retained their identities, the agreement was valid until the year 2000. The two companies merged with relative ease on June 28, 1926.
Mercedes-Benz from the Mercedes-Benz Merger Through the 20 s
A symbol was chosen for the combined products of DMG and Benz. The new insignia was a three-pointed star wreathed with laurel. The word "Mercedes" was at the top and the word "Benz" was at the bottom.
Then merger did the new company well. Production of Mercedes-Benz rose to 7,918 Mercedes-Benz automobiles in 1927. The Mercedes-Benz diesel truck was put into production in 1927, also.
The first two automobiles to sport the Mercedes-Benz name were the Stuttgart and the Mannheim. Then in 1928 the Mercedes SS was introduced by Mercedes-Benz. This graceful body was made possible by a hood line that barely cleared the engine.
Mercedes- Benz 1930 and beyond for Mercedes-Benz
Mercedes-Benz launched their biggest and most prestigious car to date in 1930. The 770 Grosser was powered by an 8 cylinder, 7.6 liter engine. A car for the truly wealthy of the world, it was quite an automobile for showing off in a world economy still reeling from the Wall Street Crash of 1929.
The cars of the 1930s produced great racing success for Mercedes-Benz. The silver metal bodywork gave rise to the name Silver Arrows when the W25 racer (of Rudolph Caracciola fame) had the white paint removed to lower its weight.
W125 (200 mph top speed) won seven out of thirteen races in 1937 followed by the successful W154. In 1939 Mercedes-Benz built a small V8 races specifically to win the Tripoli GP It did win!
The Mercedes-Benz 170V gave Mercedes the capability of surviving and then recovering from WW II.

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Filed under: by: Michael Roberts

Model Pictures

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http://mercedesbenzgl.info/images/mercedes_benz_gl.jpg

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Filed under: by: Michael Roberts

Mercedes-Benz A-Class

Mercedes-Benz A-Class

Manufacturer	Mercedes-Benz
Parent company	Daimler-Benz DaimlerChrysler AG (from 1998) Daimler AG (from 2007)
Production	1997–present
Assembly	Rastatt, Germany
Layout	FF layout
Related	Mercedes-Benz B-Class

The Mercedes-Benz A-Class is a luxury small car produced by the German automaker Mercedes-Benz. The first generation (W168) was introduced in 1997, and the all-new second generation model (W169) appeared in late 2004. It is available as a three or five-door hatchback. It is Mercedes' entry level model in most of its worldwide markets, though not in China or North America; the B-Class is the entry model in China, Canada and Mexico, and the C-Class is the entry model in the US.

W168

Mercedes-Benz A-Class W168

Production	1997–2004 Brazil 1999 - August 2005
Body style(s)	5-door hatchback
Layout	FF layout
Platform	Mercedes-Benz W168
Engine(s)	1.4L I4 1.6L I4 1.7L I4 1.9L I4 2.1L I4
Wheelbase	2,423 mm (95.4 in)
Length	3,606 mm (142.0 in)
Width	1,719 mm (67.7 in)
Height	1,587 mm (62.5 in)

Production of the W168 A-Class began in 1997. Its front engine, front wheel drive layout was quite unusual for Mercedes. To date, about 1.6 million units have been sold worldwide.
One innovation of the W168 was a frontal-impact absorption system called the "Sandwich" (see patents DE4326 9 and DE4400132 in the name of Mercedes-Benz). In the event of a violent frontal impact, the engine and transmission would slide underneath the floor below the pedals rather than entering the passenger compartment.
The W168 became infamous in 1997 after flipping over during the traditional "moose test" performed by the Swedish automobile publication Teknikens Värld. According to the report, the W168 overturned when maneuvering to avoid the "moose". Mercedes initially denied the problem, but then took the surprising step of recalling all units sold to date (2,600) and suspending distribution until the problem was solved by adding electronic stability control and modifying the suspension. This marked the world première of stability control in a small car.

W169

Mercedes-Benz A-Class W169

Production	2004–present
Body style(s)	5-door hatchback 3-door hatchback
Layout	FF layout
Platform	Mercedes-Benz W169
Engine(s)	2.0L Diesel I4 1.5L I4 1.7L I4 2.0L I4
Transmission(s)	5-speed manual 6-speed manual CVT
Length	2004-08: 3,838 mm (151.1 in) 2009- 3,883 mm (152.9 in)
Width	1,764 mm (69.4 in)
Height	1,593 mm (62.7 in)

Driving assistance

The car is designed according to Mercedes-Benz concept of 'Touch And Feel' (TAF).
The multi-function steering wheel places controls for the radio, telephone, and other systems conveniently within reach of the thumbs of the driver. Power steering (standard feature) aids control of the automobile, with its behaviour varying according to the vehicle's speed.
The Mercedes COMAND APS is a navigation system which provides directions via GPS. The radio unit also provides DVD and telephone functionality, with various versions available (standard Audio 20 radio/single CD, Audio 50 APS or COMAND APS).
The Parktronic system provides audio and visual signals to indicate how far the car is from an obstacle.
The A-class optionally includes a "Light & Sight" package which includes bi-xenon HID headlamps with gas-discharge bulbs; cornering lights (main-beam headlamps at road junctions and tight corners); "Headlamp Assist, which automatically turns on the lights when needed; and a rain sensor that adjusts wiper speed depending on rainfall intensity.
As a standard feature, when entering a tunnel or an underground garage the car goes into "tunnel mode", where all windows and the panoramic sliding sunroof are closed.

Temperature control

The standard temperature control system has separate temperature settings for driver and front passenger sides, and includes a "Heater Booster System" that can flood the interior of the car with hot air.
The optional Themotronic system maintains and regulates the temperature in accordance with a set of sensors that measure temperature, sunlight, humidity and pollutant levels in the ambient air.

Safety

A number of new features were made available in the W169 model.
The biggest was the immediate fitment of a newly invented device, Electronic Stability Control. ESP is standard on every Mercedes-Benz (produced after 1999).
The car is constructed with high-strength steel alloys with bonded joints. It has a large number of airbags including optional rear side airbags (for side-impacts in the backseats), optional side-curtain airbags, and standard head and thorax-protection side airbags. The front airbags are adaptive with two-stage gas generators operating according to the severity of accident.
The force exerted by the seat belt system during a collision adapts dynamically depending upon the collision characteristics. The 'active' head restraints (standard for driver and front passenger) give enhanced protection from neck injury, especially during rear collisions.
The angle of the A-pillar is flatter than the windshield angle.
In 1997 the journalist Robert Collin from the motor magazine Teknikens Värld overturned the new Mercedes-Benz A-Class in the moose test, while a Trabant — a much older, and widely mocked car from the former German Democratic Republic — managed it perfectly.

Facelifted A-Class W169

Passenger and cargo space

The cargo capacity of the W169 was increased by 15 percent compared with the W168. The seats can be moved and configured in various ways:

EASY-ENTRY: Front seats slides forwards with the backrest folded forwards to afford the rear seat passengers more room for getting in and out. (standard on three-door)
EASY-VARIO: Both rear-seat cushion sections are folded forward, while the luggage compartment floor can be set to one of two different heights. (standard on five-door; optional on three-door)
EASY-VARIO-PLUS: Both rear-seat cushion and the front passenger seat are folded forward. Increases load capacity to as much as 1995 litres. (optional on five-door)

Engine and drive system

Seven types of motors are available, and all are four-cylinders: four petrol (gasoline) (A150, A170, A200, A200Turbo) and three diesel (160CDI, 180CDI, 200CDI) partnered with either 5 or 6-speed manual gearbox. A continuously variable transmission system called "Autotronic Constantly Variable Transmission" (CVT) is an optional feature.
The petrol A200 Turbo provides 193 hp (144 kW) and 280 N·m (207 lb·ft) of torque (rotational force); the diesel A200 CDI has 140 hp (104 kW) and 300 N·m (221 lb·ft).
It is estimated that the W169 engines provide a 40% increase in power and a 10% decrease in fuel consumption compared to W168 engines.
The most powerful model can take the car from a standstill to 100 km/h (62 mph) in 8.0 seconds, and has a top speed of 218 km/h (135 mph).
The newly developed direct-injection CDI diesel units use a common-rail direct injection system that improves fuel consumption and reduces exhaust emissions and noise levels.
All the engines meet the tight EU4 emissions limits. A particulate filter system is available as an option for the diesel units which reduces the particulate emissions by about 99% without the need for additives.
The A-Class is a front wheel drive car and features traction control (ASR) as standard, as well as electronic stability control and anti-lock brakes (ABS).
Handling is improved by precision tracking and anti-roll support, and by a Parabolic Rear Axle.
A "Selective Damping System", in which the shock absorber forces respond differently according to conditions, is standard. For example, under normal conditions it operates at soft absorption; while cornering at speed it changes to full damping force.
The W169 optionally comes with light-alloy wheels, with a run-flat feature, Tirefit tire sealant and a tire-pressure-loss warning device.
Tire sizes are:

185/65 R 15 with wheel trim (classic model)
185/65 R 15 light-alloy wheels (elegance model)
195/55 R 16 light-alloy wheels (avantgarde model)

W169 facelift

The 2009 A-Class (W169 Facelift) features redesigned front and rear bumpers, new tail lamps and headlights, new grille, new exterior mirrors, a restyled interior design and new upholsteries and colors. The 2009 A-Class was released alongside the refreshed 2009 M-Class and B-Class. The car is also available with Active Park Assist, which enables the car to parallel park itself, with only throttle and brake inputs required from the driver.

Initial advertising campaign for the W169

A four-day, seven-country tour which officially introduced the car culminated in an event in Milan, in the Castello Sforzesco, where all the touring units were received by a myriad of European personalities from music, fashion, sport and movies. Armani presented a fashion show and Christina Aguilera did a live performance of her song "Hello", composed exclusively for the occasion.
The W169 advertising campaign included television spots with Christina Aguilera, Giorgio Armani and Boris Becker.

Mercedes-Benz A-Class F-Cell concept

Electric versions

The "e-mobility Berlin" project will see Daimler deploy a fleet of over 100 second-generation Smart ED and Mercedes A-Class cars powered by lithium ion batteries.

Production

Sales of the W169 were targeted at 50,000 units in 2004. Dr. Joachim Schmidt, Executive Vice President Sales and Marketing, Mercedes Car Group, said that target had been reached even before vehicles arrived in dealer showrooms.
DaimlerChrysler invested EUR 900 million in developing the Rastatt plant where the A-Class is produced, and created 1600 new jobs (for a total of 4700). A further 600 people work on the industrial estate at the plant site.
In 1999, Mercedes Benz opened, in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais (Brazil), its first factory in South America dedicated to passenger cars, with an investment of USD 840 million and 10,000 employees. The factory initially produced A-Class and C-Class models, assembling them from pieces manufactured in Germany. The target for the cars was regional markets (from Argentina to Mexico) with modifications made to the cars to suit local conditions, like a protection for the motor base for the mostly poor roads in South America. In 2005 the factory stopped production of A-Class cars.

Profitability and impact on the Mercedes-Benz brand

Mercedes-Benz has made a number of confusing announcements - first that a "weak Euro" could produce costs problems and later that the "fall of the Dollar" will cause the enterprise to not be profitable.
According to some analyses, Mercedes-Benz considers the creation of the A-Class to have reduced its prestige in Europe, and the company has concentrated its efforts on its larger and more profitable vehicle lines.

W169

Specification	A160 CDI	A180 CDI	A200 CDI	A160	A180
Length	3,838 mm (151.1 in)	3,838 mm (151.1 in)	3,838 mm (151.1 in)	3,838 mm (151.1 in)	3,838 mm (151.1 in)
Width	1,764 mm (69.4 in)	1,764 mm (69.4 in)	1,764 mm (69.4 in)	1,764 mm (69.4 in)	1,764 mm (69.4 in)
Height	1,593 mm (62.7 in)	1,593 mm (62.7 in)	1,595 mm (62.8 in)	1,593 mm (62.7 in)	1,593 mm (62.7 in)
Wheelbase	2,568 mm (101.1 in)	2,568 mm (101.1 in)	2,568 mm (101.1 in)	2,568 mm (101.1 in)	2,568 mm (101.1 in)
Luggage (l)	435-1995	435-1995	435-1995	435-1995	435-1995
(3 doors)	435-1485	435-1485	435-1485	435-1485	435-1485
Empty weight (5-doors)	1,325 kg (2,921 lb)	1,345 kg (2,965 lb)	1,365 kg (3,009 lb)	1,225 kg (2,701 lb)	1,240 kg (2,734 lb)
(3 doors)	1,300 kg (2,866 lb)	1,320 kg (2,910 lb)	1,340 kg (2,954 lb)	1,195 kg (2,635 lb)	1,210 kg (2,668 lb)
Tank Capacity	54 L (14.3 US gal; 11.9 imp gal)	54 L (14.3 US gal; 11.9 imp gal)	54 L (14.3 US gal; 11.9 imp gal)	54 L (14.3 US gal; 11.9 imp gal)	54 L (14.3 US gal; 11.9 imp gal)
Tank Reserve	6 L (1.6 US gal; 1.3 imp gal)	6 L (1.6 US gal; 1.3 imp gal)	6 L (1.6 US gal; 1.3 imp gal)	6 L (1.6 US gal; 1.3 imp gal)	6 L (1.6 US gal; 1.3 imp gal)
Cylinders	4/in-line 4-valv/cyl	4/in-line 4-valv/cyl	4/in-line 4-valv/cyl	4/in-line 2-valv/cyl	4/in-line 2-valv/cyl
Displacement cc	1991	1991	1991	1498	1699
Motor	2.0L Diesel	2.0L Diesel	2.0L Diesel	1.5L Petrol	1.7L Petrol
Fuel per 100 km	4.9L	5.2L	5.4L	6.2L	6.6L
Rated Output kW/ hp/ PS (rpm)	60/82/83 (4200)	80/109/111 (4200)	103/140/142 (4200)	70/95/96 (5200)	85/116/118 (5500)
Rated Torque	180 N·m (130 ft·lbf) (1400-2600)	250 N·m (180 ft·lbf) (1600-2600)	300 N·m (220 ft·lbf) (1600-2600)	140 N·m (100 ft·lbf) (3500-4000)	155 N·m (114 ft·lbf) (3500-4000)
Acceleration 0-100 km/h (sec)	15.0	10.8	9.5	12.6	10.9
Top Speed km/h	165 km/h (103 mph)	184 km/h (114 mph)	202 km/h (126 mph)	173 km/h (107 mph)	188 km/h (117 mph)
Transmission	5-speed manual	6-speed manual	6-speed manual	5-speed manual	5-speed manual
Wheels	6j x 15	6j x 15	6j x 16	6j x 15	6j x 15
Tires	185/65R15	185/65R15	195/55R16	185/65R15	185/65R15

A200 normal aspiration
Displacement: 2034 cc
Power: 136 PS (100 kW; 134 hp) @ 5750 rpm
Rated Torque: 185 N·m (136 ft·lbf) @ 3500 rpm - 4000 rpm
Transmission: 6-speed manual CVT
Top Speed: 195 km/h (121 mph)
Wheels: 6j x 16
Tires: 195/55 R16

W168 vs. W169

Specification	W169 (5 door)	W168 (standard)
length	3,838 mm (151.1 in)	3,606 mm (142.0 in)
width	1,764 mm (69.4 in)	1,719 mm (67.7 in)
height	1,593 mm (62.7 in)	1,587 mm (62.5 in)
wheelbase	2,568 mm (101.1 in)	2,423 mm (95.4 in)
VDA boot capacity L	435-1370	390-1190

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All Classes Of Mercedes Benz

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Mercedes-Benz A-Class

W168

W169

Driving assistance

Temperature control

Safety

Engine and drive system

W169 facelift

Initial advertising campaign for the W169

Production

Profitability and impact on the Mercedes-Benz brand

W169

W168 vs. W169

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